Present Simple Part 2

Form

The tables below show you how to create a sentence in the PS. As I mentioned above it's rather simple: you just have to know the base form of the verb (for example, go) and the performer of the action.

We need to know that because it allows us to conjugate correctly.

  • I eat
  • you eat
  • he eats
  • she eats
  • it eats
  • we eat
  • you eat
  • they eat

As you can see, only verbs used with the 3rd person singular conjugate differently. They will usually get -s but there are some exceptions:

Read further about the third person singular.

So what about questions and negative sentences?

There are even easier to understand because the base verb stays the same. However, as always inversion takes place in interrogative sentences (questions). If you scroll down this page a bit, you'll find some examples.

In negative sentences we add "not" to the auxiliary verb (does, do), in this way getting contracted forms like doesn't or don't. Again, there are some nice examples below.

Positive sentences:
Subject + Verb
I/a dog etc. work/go/make

 

Flash3

Sharks have sharp teeth (Use 1)

    Examples Use
  • A dog is an animal
  • (Use 1)
  • I learn English twice a week
  • (Use 2)
  • I have two eggs
  • (Use 4)
  • The course starts in April
  • (Use 5)
  • I come from Basil
  • (Use 3)
  • I'm having two eggs
  •  
Questions (interrogative sentences):

Questions require the auxiliary verb "to do" or, in the 3rd person singular, "does". Keep in mind that when you ask a question you don't need an -s. Compare these examples:

A:Does she like going to the mountains?
B:Yes, she does

A:Does John have a dog?
B:No, he doesn't.

    Flash4

    Speaker 1: Ronaldinho, do you like playing football?

    Ronaldinho: Yes, I do.

 

Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Verb
do/does I/a dog etc. work/go/make

For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary.

  • He is tall.
  • Is he tall?
  • Does he be tall?
    Examples Use
  • Does Mike often play tennis?
  • (Use 2)
  • Do you know who my friend is?
  • (Use 3)
  • Is China in Europe?
  • (Use 1)
  • What do you do? (what's your occupation?)
  • (Use 3)
Negative sentences:
Subject + Auxiliary verb+not + Verb
I/a dog etc. don't/doesn't/do not work/go/make

    Flash5

  • Fish don't smoke cigarettes (Use 1)
  • Examples Use
  • They don't live in New York anymore
  • (Use 3)
  • I don't like winter
  • (Use 4)
  • They don't live in New York anymore
  • (Use 3)
  • He doesn't go to the cinema at all
  • (Use 2)

To describe how often an action that takes place, you can use adverbs of frequency. For example :

  • always
  • never
  • frequently/often
  • usually
  • seldom/rarely
  • nowadays
  • every week/year
  • sometimes/occasionally
  • from time to time

Here are a few examples of how to use them in sentences:

    Examples
    I always go to church on Sundays
    I never eat anything after 10 p.m.
    My computer freezes from time to time -- it's quite old

Read more about adverbs of frequency.

Other websites about PS

Present Simple - short review

Check your understanding!


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